Experiment set2IT011 for Pseudomonas fluorescens FW300-N2E2

Compare to:

Sodium D,L-Lactate carbon source

200 most important genes:

  gene name fitness t score description  
Pf6N2E2_4596 -5.9 -11.3 Homoserine O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.31) compare
Pf6N2E2_3842 -5.6 -6.7 Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.19) compare
Pf6N2E2_3630 -5.6 -8.6 Phosphoserine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.3) compare
Pf6N2E2_71 -5.6 -7.6 Phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.24) compare
Pf6N2E2_3839 -5.6 -6.6 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-((5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino)imidazole-4-carboxamide isomerase (EC 5.3.1.16) (from data) compare
Pf6N2E2_5176 -5.6 -10.7 Acetolactate synthase small subunit (EC 2.2.1.6) compare
Pf6N2E2_4826 -5.4 -9.0 Indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (EC 4.1.1.48) compare
Pf6N2E2_4597 -5.3 -11.4 Homoserine O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.31) compare
Pf6N2E2_5175 -5.3 -18.1 Acetolactate synthase large subunit (EC 2.2.1.6) compare
Pf6N2E2_3384 -5.3 -7.2 Predicted L-lactate dehydrogenase, hypothetical protein subunit YkgG compare
Pf6N2E2_3253 -5.2 -7.1 ATP phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.17) (from data) compare
Pf6N2E2_64 -5.1 -4.8 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase small subunit (EC 4.2.1.33) compare
Pf6N2E2_4047 -5.0 -7.6 Tryptophan synthase alpha chain (EC 4.2.1.20) compare
Pf6N2E2_3751 -4.9 -15.9 Glutamate synthase [NADPH] small chain (EC 1.4.1.13) compare
Pf6N2E2_4825 -4.9 -12.1 Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.18) compare
Pf6N2E2_4278 -4.8 -14.8 Pyruvate carboxyl transferase subunit A (EC 6.4.1.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_4564 -4.6 -11.5 Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.9) compare
Pf6N2E2_3782 -4.6 -5.5 Phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.19) compare
Pf6N2E2_3783 -4.5 -7.5 phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.31) (from data) compare
Pf6N2E2_3248 -4.5 -6.7 Probable transmembrane protein compare
Pf6N2E2_4759 -4.5 -19.4 Biotin synthase (EC 2.8.1.6) compare
Pf6N2E2_3932 -4.4 -6.5 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.95) compare
Pf6N2E2_5177 -4.4 -10.9 Ketol-acid reductoisomerase (EC 1.1.1.86) compare
Pf6N2E2_77 -4.4 -6.4 O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (EC 2.5.1.49) / O-succinylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (EC 2.5.1.48) compare
Pf6N2E2_3382 -4.3 -8.5 Predicted L-lactate dehydrogenase, Iron-sulfur cluster-binding subunit YkgF compare
Pf6N2E2_3752 -4.2 -21.8 Glutamate synthase [NADPH] large chain (EC 1.4.1.13) compare
Pf6N2E2_4279 -4.2 -15.9 Pyruvate carboxyl transferase subunit B (EC 6.4.1.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_4048 -4.2 -8.5 Tryptophan synthase beta chain (EC 4.2.1.20) compare
Pf6N2E2_66 -4.1 -12.7 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.85) compare
Pf6N2E2_4764 -4.0 -8.3 Dethiobiotin synthetase (EC 6.3.3.3) compare
Pf6N2E2_3841 -4.0 -7.3 Imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase amidotransferase subunit (EC 2.4.2.-) compare
Pf6N2E2_2073 -3.9 -9.6 Sulfite reductase [NADPH] hemoprotein beta-component (EC 1.8.1.2) compare
Pf6N2E2_2753 -3.9 -5.8 HtrA protease/chaperone protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5527 -3.8 -4.9 Cold shock protein CspC compare
Pf6N2E2_3381 -3.8 -10.0 Predicted L-lactate dehydrogenase, Fe-S oxidoreductase subunit YkgE compare
Pf6N2E2_5156 -3.7 -3.6 Two-component sensor CbrB: intrcellular carbon:nitrogen balance compare
Pf6N2E2_3940 -3.6 -12.7 Phosphoserine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.3) compare
Pf6N2E2_3380 -3.6 -12.2 L-lactate permease compare
Pf6N2E2_3383 -3.5 -5.8 Predicted L-lactate dehydrogenase, Iron-sulfur cluster-binding subunit YkgF compare
Pf6N2E2_4763 -3.5 -12.3 Biotin synthesis protein BioC compare
Pf6N2E2_4277 -3.4 -10.1 LysR family transcriptional regulator PA5437 compare
Pf6N2E2_4761 -3.4 -13.2 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase (EC 2.3.1.47) compare
Pf6N2E2_5316 -3.4 -3.9 Periplasmic thiol:disulfide oxidoreductase DsbB, required for DsbA reoxidation compare
Pf6N2E2_3252 -3.3 -7.4 Histidinol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.23) compare
Pf6N2E2_3251 -3.2 -12.6 histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.9) (from data) compare
Pf6N2E2_3610 -3.2 -3.6 ATP phosphoribosyltransferase regulatory subunit (EC 2.4.2.17) compare
Pf6N2E2_4638 -3.2 -5.3 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.20) compare
Pf6N2E2_2277 -3.2 -4.2 NADPH-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.13) compare
Pf6N2E2_5728 -3.1 -6.3 Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.2) compare
Pf6N2E2_302 -3.0 -6.5 Siroheme synthase / Precorrin-2 oxidase (EC 1.3.1.76) / Sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase (EC 4.99.1.4) / Uroporphyrinogen-III methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.107) compare
Pf6N2E2_5006 -2.9 -9.3 Muramoyltetrapeptide carboxypeptidase (EC 3.4.17.13) compare
Pf6N2E2_5666 -2.9 -10.4 Arginine N-succinyltransferase, alpha subunit (EC 2.3.1.109) compare
Pf6N2E2_2074 -2.8 -2.8 required for sulfate utilization, putative electron transport protein for sulfite reductase (from data) compare
Pf6N2E2_3170 -2.7 -6.5 2-isopropylmalate synthase (EC 2.3.3.13) compare
Pf6N2E2_50 -2.6 -8.2 Biosynthetic Aromatic amino acid aminotransferase alpha (EC 2.6.1.57) @ Aromatic-amino-acid aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.57) compare
Pf6N2E2_5579 -2.6 -6.5 Ornithine carbamoyltransferase (EC 2.1.3.3) compare
Pf6N2E2_4631 -2.6 -8.5 Adenosylmethionine-8-amino-7-oxononanoate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.62) compare
Pf6N2E2_5252 -2.5 -3.9 FIG00956396: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2465 -2.4 -7.0 Cys regulon transcriptional activator CysB compare
Pf6N2E2_63 -2.3 -3.7 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase large subunit (EC 4.2.1.33) compare
Pf6N2E2_5667 -2.1 -5.6 Arginine N-succinyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.109) compare
Pf6N2E2_3349 -2.1 -2.4 Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.8) compare
Pf6N2E2_4762 -2.0 -4.7 Biotin synthesis protein BioH compare
Pf6N2E2_4797 -2.0 -2.3 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6- hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophosphokinase (EC 2.7.6.3) compare
Pf6N2E2_5014 -1.9 -2.3 Apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.-) / Copper homeostasis protein CutE compare
Pf6N2E2_4372 -1.9 -6.0 FIG00460773: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5103 -1.9 -1.8 Glutamate 5-kinase (EC 2.7.2.11) / RNA-binding C-terminal domain PUA compare
Pf6N2E2_4009 -1.8 -9.7 GGDEF domain protein compare
Pf6N2E2_248 -1.7 -7.5 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2674 -1.7 -2.1 FIG00953856: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3460 -1.6 -2.5 Exodeoxyribonuclease V beta chain (EC 3.1.11.5) compare
Pf6N2E2_4206 -1.6 -2.2 Chromosome (plasmid) partitioning protein ParB compare
Pf6N2E2_3984 -1.6 -9.7 T1SS associated transglutaminase-like cysteine proteinase LapP compare
Pf6N2E2_4803 -1.5 -2.0 Bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase, symmetrical (EC 3.6.1.41) compare
Pf6N2E2_2217 -1.5 -5.2 ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit ClpX compare
Pf6N2E2_3938 -1.5 -9.4 Threonine dehydratase biosynthetic (EC 4.3.1.19) compare
Pf6N2E2_3661 -1.5 -5.3 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5258 -1.5 -7.9 Sulfate adenylyltransferase subunit 1 (EC 2.7.7.4) / Adenylylsulfate kinase (EC 2.7.1.25) compare
Pf6N2E2_5190 -1.4 -9.6 Carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_51 -1.4 -5.9 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5553 -1.4 -7.4 Quinolinate synthetase (EC 2.5.1.72) compare
Pf6N2E2_2200 -1.4 -2.3 RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor RpoN compare
Pf6N2E2_2286 -1.3 -3.7 FIG00953287: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3346 -1.3 -5.4 Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase [decarboxylating] (EC 2.4.2.19) compare
Pf6N2E2_4205 -1.3 -4.8 Chromosome (plasmid) partitioning protein ParA compare
Pf6N2E2_4417 -1.3 -4.6 Protein of unknown function DUF484 compare
Pf6N2E2_6065 -1.3 -3.0 ABC transporter in pyoverdin gene cluster, periplasmic component compare
Pf6N2E2_2586 -1.2 -1.8 Hpt domain protein compare
Pf6N2E2_6140 -1.2 -1.4 Large Subunit Ribosomal RNA; lsuRNA; LSU rRNA compare
Pf6N2E2_5950 -1.2 -3.8 Phosphate:acyl-ACP acyltransferase PlsX compare
Pf6N2E2_4541 -1.2 -1.6 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3385 -1.1 -8.0 Predicted D-lactate dehydrogenase, Fe-S protein, FAD/FMN-containing compare
Pf6N2E2_2218 -1.1 -3.9 ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit (EC 3.4.21.92) compare
Pf6N2E2_3820 -1.1 -3.5 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5219 -1.1 -6.6 FIG140336: TPR domain protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3899 -1.1 -6.6 Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [ATP] (EC 4.1.1.49) compare
Pf6N2E2_4204 -1.1 -1.3 rRNA small subunit 7-methylguanosine (m7G) methyltransferase GidB compare
Pf6N2E2_3300 -1.1 -3.1 Predicted D-glucarate or D-galactorate regulator, GntR family compare
Pf6N2E2_5665 -1.0 -4.6 Succinylornithine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.81) compare
Pf6N2E2_4584 -1.0 -3.2 Cell division transporter, ATP-binding protein FtsE (TC 3.A.5.1.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_3039 -1.0 -5.5 Protein-L-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.77) compare
Pf6N2E2_3826 -1.0 -3.9 Nitrogen regulation protein NR(I) compare
Pf6N2E2_3870 -1.0 -2.7 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_4476 -1.0 -5.4 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase (EC 6.3.3.2) compare
Pf6N2E2_4453 -1.0 -8.1 Polyphosphate kinase (EC 2.7.4.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_70 -1.0 -2.4 tRNA pseudouridine synthase A (EC 4.2.1.70) compare
Pf6N2E2_4159 -1.0 -3.2 Cytochrome c4 compare
Pf6N2E2_4987 -1.0 -1.0 MaoC-like domain protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3807 -1.0 -4.0 Histidine utilization repressor compare
Pf6N2E2_5676 -1.0 -2.6 Aspartokinase (EC 2.7.2.4) compare
Pf6N2E2_3461 -0.9 -1.4 Exodeoxyribonuclease V gamma chain (EC 3.1.11.5) compare
Pf6N2E2_5746 -0.9 -2.6 Cobalamin synthase compare
Pf6N2E2_2514 -0.9 -2.7 regulator of length of O-antigen component of lipopolysaccharide chains compare
Pf6N2E2_2534 -0.9 -4.2 Cell division protein BolA compare
Pf6N2E2_5406 -0.9 -1.8 FIG00958224: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2186 -0.9 -4.6 Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.8.4) compare
Pf6N2E2_3835 -0.9 -4.2 Carboxyl-terminal protease (EC 3.4.21.102) compare
Pf6N2E2_5257 -0.9 -5.1 Sulfate adenylyltransferase subunit 2 (EC 2.7.7.4) compare
Pf6N2E2_1932 -0.9 -4.1 Transcriptional regulator, IclR family compare
Pf6N2E2_5955 -0.9 -3.2 Aminodeoxychorismate lyase (EC 4.1.3.38) compare
Pf6N2E2_2062 -0.9 -2.5 FIG00955561: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_1545 -0.9 -3.8 N-carbamoylputrescine amidase (EC 3.5.1.53) compare
Pf6N2E2_1288 -0.9 -2.7 Protein containing transglutaminase-like domain, putative cysteine protease compare
Pf6N2E2_309 -0.9 -1.8 FIG00957702: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2264 -0.9 -2.8 NADPH dependent preQ0 reductase (EC 1.7.1.13) compare
Pf6N2E2_5331 -0.9 -4.2 ATPase, AFG1 family compare
Pf6N2E2_4077 -0.8 -1.1 cytosolic long-chain acyl-CoA thioester hydrolase family protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2852 -0.8 -5.8 GGDEF domain/EAL domain protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3516 -0.8 -1.1 Probable transmembrane protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2320 -0.8 -2.3 Heavy-metal-associated domain (N-terminus) and membrane-bounded cytochrome biogenesis cycZ-like domain, possible membrane copper tolerance protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2310 -0.8 -5.7 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit CcoN (EC 1.9.3.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_4747 -0.8 -1.6 Transmembrane sensor compare
Pf6N2E2_4743 -0.8 -1.1 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_622 -0.8 -3.3 BatA (Bacteroides aerotolerance operon) compare
Pf6N2E2_4706 -0.8 -1.1 Electron transfer flavoprotein, beta subunit compare
Pf6N2E2_4273 -0.8 -4.5 ATP-dependent DNA helicase UvrD/PcrA compare
Pf6N2E2_1136 -0.8 -1.6 Transcriptional regulator, TetR family compare
Pf6N2E2_3475 -0.8 -1.4 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3534 -0.8 -2.2 Cobalamin biosynthesis protein CobG compare
Pf6N2E2_2068 -0.8 -5.0 5-methyltetrahydrofolate--homocysteine methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.13) compare
Pf6N2E2_4527 -0.8 -2.9 RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor, ECF subfamily compare
Pf6N2E2_3040 -0.8 -3.8 5-nucleotidase SurE (EC 3.1.3.5) compare
Pf6N2E2_2311 -0.8 -4.7 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit CcoO (EC 1.9.3.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_2059 -0.8 -2.7 ChlI component of cobalt chelatase involved in B12 biosynthesis compare
Pf6N2E2_3134 -0.8 -1.0 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2318 -0.8 -4.3 Type cbb3 cytochrome oxidase biogenesis protein CcoI; Copper-translocating P-type ATPase (EC 3.6.3.4) compare
Pf6N2E2_1141 -0.8 -1.7 Lipid-A-disaccharide synthase (EC 2.4.1.182) compare
Pf6N2E2_3088 -0.8 -1.3 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_2964 -0.7 -2.1 FIG006285: ICC-like protein phosphoesterase compare
Pf6N2E2_5760 -0.7 -5.8 Sensory box histidine kinase/response regulator compare
Pf6N2E2_3713 -0.7 -2.0 Acyl carrier protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3825 -0.7 -3.5 Nitrogen regulation protein NtrB (EC 2.7.13.3) compare
Pf6N2E2_4187 -0.7 -2.3 Lipid A biosynthesis lauroyl acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.-) compare
Pf6N2E2_2367 -0.7 -1.4 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5679 -0.7 -2.5 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_1717 -0.7 -5.0 Anthranilate synthase, aminase component (EC 4.1.3.27) compare
Pf6N2E2_2447 -0.7 -4.3 Probable protease htpX homolog (EC 3.4.24.-) compare
Pf6N2E2_16 -0.7 -1.4 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3906 -0.7 -5.0 Transcription accessory protein (S1 RNA-binding domain) compare
Pf6N2E2_2389 -0.7 -4.8 Phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (EC 2.7.9.2) conserved
Pf6N2E2_2496 -0.7 -1.7 FIG00956575: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5342 -0.7 -2.4 21 kDa hemolysin precursor compare
Pf6N2E2_3535 -0.7 -3.6 Cobalt-precorrin-6y C5-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.-) / Cobalt-precorrin-6y C15-methyltransferase [decarboxylating] (EC 2.1.1.-) compare
Pf6N2E2_4052 -0.7 -1.4 FIG00955481: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_37 -0.7 -2.4 6-carboxytetrahydropterin synthase (EC 4.1.2.50) @ Queuosine biosynthesis QueD, PTPS-I compare
Pf6N2E2_3869 -0.7 -4.8 Branched-chain amino acid transport protein AzlC compare
Pf6N2E2_2527 -0.7 -2.2 Oxidoreductase, short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family compare
Pf6N2E2_1762 -0.7 -1.9 putative lipase compare
Pf6N2E2_5669 -0.7 -3.8 Succinylarginine dihydrolase (EC 3.5.3.23) compare
Pf6N2E2_5768 -0.7 -2.7 DNA recombination-dependent growth factor C compare
Pf6N2E2_1821 -0.7 -1.7 Leucine-responsive regulatory protein, regulator for leucine (or lrp) regulon and high-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport system compare
Pf6N2E2_2064 -0.7 -2.6 Cobalt-precorrin-3b C17-methyltransferase compare
Pf6N2E2_4165 -0.7 -3.3 Zinc ABC transporter, periplasmic-binding protein ZnuA compare
Pf6N2E2_5520 -0.7 -3.3 Sensory box histidine kinase compare
Pf6N2E2_2188 -0.7 -2.7 Predicted transcriptional regulator LiuR of leucine degradation pathway, MerR family compare
Pf6N2E2_4454 -0.7 -3.1 Exopolyphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.11) compare
Pf6N2E2_975 -0.7 -3.5 FIG141694: hypothetical protein in PFGI-1-like cluster compare
Pf6N2E2_4579 -0.7 -1.6 Ribosomal RNA small subunit methyltransferase D (EC 2.1.1.-) compare
Pf6N2E2_3260 -0.7 -3.3 Uncharacterized ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein YrbF compare
Pf6N2E2_2518 -0.7 -2.3 Cyclohexadienyl dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.12)(EC 1.3.1.43) / 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EC 2.5.1.19) compare
Pf6N2E2_4071 -0.7 -2.9 Phosphate transport system regulatory protein PhoU compare
Pf6N2E2_4824 -0.7 -1.9 Anthranilate synthase, amidotransferase component (EC 4.1.3.27) @ Para-aminobenzoate synthase, amidotransferase component (EC 2.6.1.85) compare
Pf6N2E2_4075 -0.7 -2.7 Phosphate ABC transporter, periplasmic phosphate-binding protein PstS (TC 3.A.1.7.1) compare
Pf6N2E2_5741 -0.7 -3.6 L-threonine 3-O-phosphate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.81) compare
Pf6N2E2_2390 -0.7 -2.2 FIG00959101: hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_5745 -0.6 -3.0 Alpha-ribazole-5'-phosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.73) compare
Pf6N2E2_5766 -0.6 -1.0 Quaternary ammonium compound-resistance protein SugE compare
Pf6N2E2_5073 -0.6 -2.1 Large-conductance mechanosensitive channel compare
Pf6N2E2_2261 -0.6 -3.6 VacJ-like lipoprotein precursor compare
Pf6N2E2_5738 -0.6 -3.7 Cobyrinic acid A,C-diamide synthase compare
Pf6N2E2_1315 -0.6 -1.7 5-carboxymethyl-2-oxo-hex-3- ene-1,7-dioate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.68) compare
Pf6N2E2_2317 -0.6 -2.5 Putative analog of CcoH, COG3198 compare
Pf6N2E2_5155 -0.6 -1.7 Poly(A) polymerase (EC 2.7.7.19) compare
Pf6N2E2_2065 -0.6 -1.9 Cobalt-precorrin-4 C11-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.133) compare
Pf6N2E2_2309 -0.6 -1.5 hypothetical protein compare
Pf6N2E2_3665 -0.6 -0.9 serine/threonine protein kinase compare
Pf6N2E2_724 -0.6 -1.1 Nitric oxide -responding transcriptional regulator Dnr (Crp/Fnr family) compare
Pf6N2E2_1636 -0.6 -4.2 Ferrichrome-iron receptor compare
Pf6N2E2_3533 -0.6 -2.5 Cobalt-precorrin-8x methylmutase (EC 5.4.1.2) compare
Pf6N2E2_1775 -0.6 -2.5 Chemotaxis response regulator protein-glutamate methylesterase CheB (EC 3.1.1.61) compare


Specific Phenotypes

None in this experiment

For Pseudomonas fluorescens FW300-N2E2 in carbon source experiments

For carbon source Sodium D,L-Lactate across organisms