MetaCyc Pathway: pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered) in Escherichia coli HS(pFamp)R (ATCC 700891)

Acetolactate synthase:
2 pyruvate + H⁺→(S)-2-acetolactate + CO₂ (EC 2.2.1.6)

Ketol-acid reductoisomerase (in reverse):
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H⁺→(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP⁺ (EC 1.1.1.86)

OHPLBJKB_04279

Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase:
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate→3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + H₂O (EC 4.2.1.9)

OHPLBJKB_04282

Branched-chain-2-oxoacid decarboxylase:
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + H⁺→isobutanal + CO₂ (EC 4.1.1.72)

No genes

Alcohol dehydrogenase (in reverse):
isobutanal + NADH + H⁺→isobutanol + NAD⁺ (EC 1.1.1.1)

Links:

Candidate genes for each reaction are identified from best hits to MetaCyc; by matching EC numbers (which are assigned by TIGRFam, SEED, or best hits to KEGG); or by matching SEED roles to KEGG reactions to MetaCyc reactions. See the "Protein" tab of each gene for more information