Experiment set1IT030 for Pseudomonas fluorescens GW456-L13

Compare to:

Putrescine Dihydrochloride carbon source

200 most important genes:

  gene name fitness t score description  
PfGW456L13_362 -5.3 -3.7 Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.19) compare
PfGW456L13_3934 -5.2 -5.1 O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (EC 2.5.1.49) / O-succinylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (EC 2.5.1.48) compare
PfGW456L13_302 -5.1 -3.5 Phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.19) compare
PfGW456L13_149 -5.1 -3.5 ATP phosphoribosyltransferase regulatory subunit (EC 2.4.2.17) compare
PfGW456L13_361 -5.1 -6.0 Imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase amidotransferase subunit (EC 2.4.2.-) compare
PfGW456L13_644 -5.0 -3.5 Shikimate 5-dehydrogenase I alpha (EC 1.1.1.25) compare
PfGW456L13_172 -5.0 -4.9 Phosphoserine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.3) compare
PfGW456L13_1007 -5.0 -3.5 Homoserine O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.31) compare
PfGW456L13_1221 -5.0 -9.6 Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.18) compare
PfGW456L13_2842 -5.0 -3.4 required for sulfate utilization, putative electron transport protein for sulfite reductase (from data) compare
PfGW456L13_1222 -4.9 -3.4 Indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (EC 4.1.1.48) compare
PfGW456L13_3940 -4.8 -3.3 Phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.24) compare
PfGW456L13_3948 -4.8 -3.3 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase large subunit (EC 4.2.1.33) compare
PfGW456L13_3947 -4.8 -3.3 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase small subunit (EC 4.2.1.33) compare
PfGW456L13_1540 -4.7 -3.3 Ketol-acid reductoisomerase (EC 1.1.1.86) compare
PfGW456L13_951 -4.7 -6.5 Phosphoserine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.3) compare
PfGW456L13_5000 -4.7 -7.9 Histidinol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.23) compare
PfGW456L13_303 -4.7 -3.2 phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.31) (from data) compare
PfGW456L13_1644 -4.7 -3.2 Cell division protein MraZ compare
PfGW456L13_1368 -4.7 -3.2 Muramoyltetrapeptide carboxypeptidase (EC 3.4.17.13) compare
PfGW456L13_358 -4.6 -2.8 Imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase cyclase subunit (EC 4.1.3.-) compare
PfGW456L13_1010 -4.5 -4.3 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (EC 1.5.1.2) compare
PfGW456L13_973 -4.5 -8.0 Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.9) compare
PfGW456L13_591 -4.5 -4.3 Cytochrome c4 compare
PfGW456L13_1539 -4.5 -4.3 Acetolactate synthase small subunit (EC 2.2.1.6) compare
PfGW456L13_5001 -4.4 -5.3 ATP phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.17) (from data) compare
PfGW456L13_1472 -4.4 -4.3 Glutamate 5-kinase (EC 2.7.2.11) / RNA-binding C-terminal domain PUA compare
PfGW456L13_1219 -4.4 -4.1 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_1050 -4.3 -3.0 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.20) compare
PfGW456L13_4834 -4.3 -2.5 FIG137478: Hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_3945 -4.3 -5.9 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.85) compare
PfGW456L13_2597 -4.3 -5.1 Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.8.4) compare
PfGW456L13_359 -4.3 -6.5 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-((5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino)imidazole-4-carboxamide isomerase (EC 5.3.1.16) (from data) compare
PfGW456L13_329 -4.2 -4.1 Histidine utilization repressor compare
PfGW456L13_913 -4.2 -2.9 N-acetylglutamate synthase (EC 2.3.1.1) compare
PfGW456L13_4035 -4.2 -2.5 Cell division inhibitor-related protein compare
PfGW456L13_1524 -4.2 -2.9 Two-component sensor CbrB: intrcellular carbon:nitrogen balance compare
PfGW456L13_4088 -4.2 -2.9 Transcriptional regulator, GntR family compare
PfGW456L13_926 -4.2 -6.4 glutamine synthetase family protein compare
PfGW456L13_1739 -4.1 -4.9 Ornithine carbamoyltransferase (EC 2.1.3.3) compare
PfGW456L13_2176 -4.1 -6.9 Chorismate mutase I (EC 5.4.99.5) / Prephenate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.51) compare
PfGW456L13_68 -4.1 -2.1 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_953 -4.1 -8.3 FIG001592: Phosphocarrier protein kinase/phosphorylase, nitrogen regulation associated compare
PfGW456L13_4253 -4.1 -2.8 Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.2) compare
PfGW456L13_1217 -4.1 -15.4 Anthranilate synthase, aminase component (EC 4.1.3.27) compare
PfGW456L13_62 -4.1 -1.5 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_845 -4.1 -2.8 Diaminopimelate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.20) compare
PfGW456L13_1147 -4.0 -10.1 Biotin synthase (EC 2.8.1.6) compare
PfGW456L13_1220 -4.0 -7.2 Anthranilate synthase, amidotransferase component (EC 4.1.3.27) @ Para-aminobenzoate synthase, amidotransferase component (EC 2.6.1.85) compare
PfGW456L13_2032 -4.0 -2.8 Cysteine synthase B (EC 2.5.1.47) compare
PfGW456L13_1615 -4.0 -2.0 Probable transmembrane protein compare
PfGW456L13_2046 -4.0 -3.9 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] (EC 1.1.1.94) compare
PfGW456L13_1006 -4.0 -5.4 Homoserine O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.31) compare
PfGW456L13_2230 -3.9 -6.0 Cys regulon transcriptional activator CysB compare
PfGW456L13_1936 -3.9 -2.7 RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor, ECF subfamily compare
PfGW456L13_4026 -3.9 -2.6 NADPH-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.13) compare
PfGW456L13_2656 -3.8 -6.3 Siroheme synthase / Precorrin-2 oxidase (EC 1.3.1.76) / Sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase (EC 4.99.1.4) / Uroporphyrinogen-III methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.107) compare
PfGW456L13_150 -3.8 -2.2 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_4125 -3.8 -2.6 Phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase [thioredoxin] (EC 1.8.4.8) / Adenylyl-sulfate reductase [thioredoxin] (EC 1.8.4.10) compare
PfGW456L13_332 -3.7 -2.6 Phosphonate ABC transporter phosphate-binding periplasmic component (TC 3.A.1.9.1) compare
PfGW456L13_1538 -3.7 -7.1 Acetolactate synthase large subunit (EC 2.2.1.6) compare
PfGW456L13_4145 -3.7 -7.8 Para-aminobenzoate synthase, amidotransferase component (EC 2.6.1.85) compare
PfGW456L13_1603 -3.6 -2.5 Malate:quinone oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.5.4) compare
PfGW456L13_2843 -3.6 -7.2 Sulfite reductase [NADPH] hemoprotein beta-component (EC 1.8.1.2) compare
PfGW456L13_2237 -3.5 -2.4 Organic hydroperoxide resistance transcriptional regulator compare
PfGW456L13_2552 -3.5 -4.1 ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit (EC 3.4.21.92) compare
PfGW456L13_4671 -3.4 -11.0 Transcriptional regulator, Cro/CI family compare
PfGW456L13_1233 -3.4 -3.3 N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase (EC 1.2.1.38) compare
PfGW456L13_931 -3.4 -6.9 Putrescine transport system permease protein PotH (TC 3.A.1.11.2) compare
PfGW456L13_565 -3.4 -3.3 Tryptophan synthase alpha chain (EC 4.2.1.20) compare
PfGW456L13_50 -3.4 -6.0 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase II (EC 4.2.1.10) compare
PfGW456L13_3810 -3.4 -1.6 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_927 -3.3 -13.8 Omega-amino acid--pyruvate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.18) compare
PfGW456L13_1972 -3.3 -2.3 Arginine N-succinyltransferase, alpha subunit (EC 2.3.1.109) compare
PfGW456L13_2553 -3.3 -7.4 ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit ClpX compare
PfGW456L13_3964 -3.3 -1.9 Asl2195 protein compare
PfGW456L13_793 -3.3 -2.3 Acetylglutamate kinase (EC 2.7.2.8) compare
PfGW456L13_1655 -3.3 -2.3 D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (EC 6.3.2.4) compare
PfGW456L13_930 -3.3 -7.0 Putrescine transport ATP-binding protein PotG (TC 3.A.1.11.2) compare
PfGW456L13_1842 -3.2 -6.9 Outer membrane porin, OprD family compare
PfGW456L13_2620 -3.2 -1.6 Glutamine amidotransferase class-I (EC 6.3.5.2) compare
PfGW456L13_3960 -3.2 -8.7 Biosynthetic Aromatic amino acid aminotransferase alpha (EC 2.6.1.57) @ Aromatic-amino-acid aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.57) compare
PfGW456L13_1749 -3.2 -2.2 Argininosuccinate synthase (EC 6.3.4.5) compare
PfGW456L13_2034 -3.2 -2.2 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_990 -3.2 -3.8 Ribosomal RNA small subunit methyltransferase D (EC 2.1.1.-) compare
PfGW456L13_5046 -3.2 -6.1 Predicted D-glucarate or D-galactorate regulator, GntR family compare
PfGW456L13_3179 -3.2 -3.1 Organic hydroperoxide resistance transcriptional regulator compare
PfGW456L13_4854 -3.1 -9.4 2-isopropylmalate synthase (EC 2.3.3.13) compare
PfGW456L13_943 -3.1 -6.5 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.95) compare
PfGW456L13_1153 -3.1 -9.1 Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.8.7) compare
PfGW456L13_1801 -3.1 -2.2 FIG00954888: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_566 -3.1 -5.1 Tryptophan synthase beta chain (EC 4.2.1.20) compare
PfGW456L13_4069 -3.1 -6.8 Heavy-metal-associated domain (N-terminus) and membrane-bounded cytochrome biogenesis cycZ-like domain, possible membrane copper tolerance protein compare
PfGW456L13_928 -3.0 -10.4 Putrescine ABC transporter putrescine-binding protein PotF (TC 3.A.1.11.2) compare
PfGW456L13_854 -3.0 -2.1 Argininosuccinate lyase (EC 4.3.2.1) compare
PfGW456L13_1635 -3.0 -10.0 Ubiquinol--cytochrome c reductase, cytochrome B subunit (EC 1.10.2.2) compare
PfGW456L13_656 -3.0 -2.1 Lipid A biosynthesis lauroyl acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.-) compare
PfGW456L13_4064 -3.0 -3.5 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit CcoP (EC 1.9.3.1) compare
PfGW456L13_213 -3.0 -13.7 Glutamate-ammonia-ligase adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.42) compare
PfGW456L13_3260 -3.0 -1.4 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_1634 -2.9 -6.2 Ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase iron-sulfur subunit (EC 1.10.2.2) compare
PfGW456L13_1139 -2.9 -10.0 Malate synthase G (EC 2.3.3.9) compare
PfGW456L13_2084 -2.9 -2.2 MotA/TolQ/ExbB proton channel family protein compare
PfGW456L13_925 -2.9 -10.0 Gamma-glutamyl-putrescine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.11) (from data) conserved
PfGW456L13_4009 -2.9 -9.5 Transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.2) compare
PfGW456L13_4041 -2.9 -2.0 Enoyl-CoA hydratase (EC 4.2.1.17) / Delta(3)-cis-delta(2)-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase (EC 5.3.3.8) / 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) / 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA epimerase (EC 5.1.2.3) compare
PfGW456L13_2035 -2.9 -11.0 GTP pyrophosphokinase (EC 2.7.6.5), (p)ppGpp synthetase I / Guanosine-3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-pyrophosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.7.2) compare
PfGW456L13_5011 -2.8 -2.4 Uncharacterized protein YrbK clustered with lipopolysaccharide transporters compare
PfGW456L13_4207 -2.8 -5.0 Periplasmic protease compare
PfGW456L13_3017 -2.8 -2.1 Cold-shock DNA-binding domain compare
PfGW456L13_5082 -2.8 -4.6 Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase [decarboxylating] (EC 2.4.2.19) compare
PfGW456L13_1151 -2.8 -7.6 Dethiobiotin synthetase (EC 6.3.3.3) compare
PfGW456L13_805 -2.8 -8.9 gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.99); 4-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.54) (from data) conserved
PfGW456L13_276 -2.7 -1.4 Shikimate kinase I (EC 2.7.1.71) compare
PfGW456L13_5086 -2.7 -3.2 tRNA pseudouridine synthase B (EC 4.2.1.70) compare
PfGW456L13_5089 -2.7 -1.4 Transcription termination protein NusA compare
PfGW456L13_1997 -2.6 -4.7 Negative regulator of flagellin synthesis FlgM compare
PfGW456L13_2608 -2.6 -2.0 Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase PpiB (EC 5.2.1.8) compare
PfGW456L13_1580 -2.6 -6.5 FIG140336: TPR domain protein compare
PfGW456L13_5150 -2.6 -2.5 Exodeoxyribonuclease V alpha chain (EC 3.1.11.5) compare
PfGW456L13_1636 -2.6 -7.1 ubiquinol cytochrome C oxidoreductase, cytochrome C1 subunit compare
PfGW456L13_1853 -2.5 -3.4 Holliday junction DNA helicase RuvB compare
PfGW456L13_4842 -2.5 -1.7 Translation elongation factor LepA compare
PfGW456L13_477 -2.5 -1.3 Alkanesulfonates ABC transporter ATP-binding protein / Sulfonate ABC transporter, ATP-binding subunit SsuB compare
PfGW456L13_5017 -2.5 -3.8 Hypothetical ATP-binding protein UPF0042, contains P-loop compare
PfGW456L13_4061 -2.5 -13.6 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit CcoN (EC 1.9.3.1) compare
PfGW456L13_4068 -2.4 -5.7 Type cbb3 cytochrome oxidase biogenesis protein CcoS, involved in heme b insertion compare
PfGW456L13_275 -2.4 -1.6 3-dehydroquinate synthase (EC 4.2.3.4) compare
PfGW456L13_4859 -2.4 -2.8 Outer membrane protein YfgL, lipoprotein component of the protein assembly complex (forms a complex with YaeT, YfiO, and NlpB) compare
PfGW456L13_4062 -2.4 -6.4 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit CcoO (EC 1.9.3.1) compare
PfGW456L13_729 -2.4 -8.1 Pyruvate carboxyl transferase subunit B (EC 6.4.1.1) compare
PfGW456L13_2436 -2.4 -4.2 Phenylacetic acid degradation operon negative regulatory protein PaaX compare
PfGW456L13_360 -2.4 -2.8 FIG00956267: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_3531 -2.4 -11.0 Sensory box histidine kinase/response regulator compare
PfGW456L13_1017 -2.3 -1.6 Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.9) / Pyrimidine operon regulatory protein PyrR compare
PfGW456L13_1363 -2.3 -4.7 Rare lipoprotein A precursor compare
PfGW456L13_4165 -2.3 -3.1 Chorismate synthase (EC 4.2.3.5) compare
PfGW456L13_2169 -2.3 -4.1 Oxidoreductase, short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family compare
PfGW456L13_929 -2.3 -7.7 Putrescine ABC transporter putrescine-binding protein PotF (TC 3.A.1.11.2) conserved
PfGW456L13_2551 -2.3 -3.5 Cell division trigger factor (EC 5.2.1.8) compare
PfGW456L13_3427 -2.3 -2.3 Enoyl-CoA hydratase (EC 4.2.1.17) compare
PfGW456L13_2496 -2.3 -1.3 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] reductase (EC 1.1.1.100) compare
PfGW456L13_4258 -2.3 -7.7 Chaperone protein HtpG compare
PfGW456L13_932 -2.3 -5.3 Putrescine transport system permease protein PotI (TC 3.A.1.11.2) compare
PfGW456L13_5018 -2.3 -5.6 Phosphocarrier protein, nitrogen regulation associated compare
PfGW456L13_3577 -2.2 -1.9 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_727 -2.2 -6.0 LysR family transcriptional regulator PA5437 compare
PfGW456L13_4067 -2.2 -7.3 Type cbb3 cytochrome oxidase biogenesis protein CcoI; Copper-translocating P-type ATPase (EC 3.6.3.4) compare
PfGW456L13_4511 -2.2 -1.3 Rhodanese-like domain protein compare
PfGW456L13_1020 -2.2 -4.9 Ferric siderophore transport system, periplasmic binding protein TonB compare
PfGW456L13_2914 -2.2 -4.1 ADA regulatory protein / Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.63) compare
PfGW456L13_355 -2.2 -4.4 Carboxyl-terminal protease (EC 3.4.21.102) compare
PfGW456L13_1131 -2.2 -1.9 FIG00953361: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_1359 -2.2 -2.5 LSU m3Psi1915 methyltransferase RlmH compare
PfGW456L13_2773 -2.2 -2.0 Phage protein compare
PfGW456L13_2511 -2.2 -1.4 short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase SDR compare
PfGW456L13_4640 -2.2 -2.0 FIG00955308: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_2651 -2.1 -3.8 Cell division protein FtsK compare
PfGW456L13_1067 -2.1 -2.1 FIG00955006: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_5006 -2.1 -2.0 Uncharacterized ABC transporter, periplasmic component YrbD compare
PfGW456L13_2283 -2.1 -2.1 Inhibitor of the KinA pathway to sporulation, predicted exonuclease compare
PfGW456L13_4424 -2.1 -3.9 FIG00953416: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_59 -2.1 -4.2 Sensor histidine kinase/response regulator compare
PfGW456L13_1044 -2.1 -7.5 Adenosylmethionine-8-amino-7-oxononanoate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.62) compare
PfGW456L13_2633 -2.1 -8.1 Isocitrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.1) compare
PfGW456L13_4882 -2.1 -2.4 tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (EC 2.4.2.29) compare
PfGW456L13_1864 -2.1 -5.0 FIG023103: Predicted transmembrane protein compare
PfGW456L13_3398 -2.1 -2.4 Transcriptional regulator, TetR family compare
PfGW456L13_3532 -2.0 -7.0 FIG00955631: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_3311 -2.0 -1.2 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_1852 -2.0 -4.4 Holliday junction DNA helicase RuvA compare
PfGW456L13_4507 -2.0 -2.4 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase (EC 4.3.3.7) compare
PfGW456L13_4907 -2.0 -2.3 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_4171 -2.0 -1.3 FIG00956876: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_2492 -2.0 -1.9 Virulence factor mviM compare
PfGW456L13_1838 -2.0 -3.5 Sensory box histidine kinase compare
PfGW456L13_4477 -2.0 -3.0 Allophanate hydrolase 2 subunit 1 (EC 3.5.1.54) compare
PfGW456L13_2623 -2.0 -1.9 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain L (EC 1.6.5.3) compare
PfGW456L13_1973 -2.0 -4.0 Arginine N-succinyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.109) compare
PfGW456L13_1735 -2.0 -2.3 Glycerol uptake facilitator protein compare
PfGW456L13_296 -2.0 -2.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoate granule-associated protein PhaF compare
PfGW456L13_5005 -1.9 -2.6 Uncharacterized ABC transporter, auxiliary component YrbC compare
PfGW456L13_4254 -1.9 -4.7 FIG00955360: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_1441 -1.9 -1.3 Large-conductance mechanosensitive channel compare
PfGW456L13_2868 -1.9 -2.3 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_4060 -1.9 -6.8 hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_4642 -1.9 -1.6 Cold shock protein CspA compare
PfGW456L13_420 -1.9 -1.7 Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [ATP] (EC 4.1.1.49) compare
PfGW456L13_3924 -1.9 -1.6 Xanthine and CO dehydrogenases maturation factor, XdhC/CoxF family compare
PfGW456L13_1205 -1.9 -5.3 Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.24) compare
PfGW456L13_3704 -1.9 -2.5 Transcriptional regulator RpiR in protein degradation cluster compare
PfGW456L13_201 -1.9 -3.1 Hypothetical protein FIG015671 in large core OS assembly cluster compare
PfGW456L13_350 -1.9 -4.0 Protein export cytoplasm chaperone protein (SecB, maintains protein to be exported in unfolded state) compare
PfGW456L13_3894 -1.9 -1.0 Integration host factor alpha subunit compare
PfGW456L13_2554 -1.9 -5.9 ATP-dependent protease La (EC 3.4.21.53) Type I compare
PfGW456L13_3051 -1.9 -2.9 Chemotaxis regulator - transmits chemoreceptor signals to flagelllar motor components CheY compare
PfGW456L13_143 -1.8 -2.7 23S rRNA (guanosine-2'-O-) -methyltransferase rlmB (EC 2.1.1.-) compare
PfGW456L13_4027 -1.8 -12.0 Transcription-repair coupling factor compare
PfGW456L13_3520 -1.8 -2.1 FIG00956261: hypothetical protein compare
PfGW456L13_2942 -1.8 -1.5 hypothetical protein compare


Specific Phenotypes

For 9 genes in this experiment

For carbon source Putrescine Dihydrochloride in Pseudomonas fluorescens GW456-L13

For carbon source Putrescine Dihydrochloride across organisms